Computers
First Generation: Vacuum Tube
1. ENIAC
(Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer) was the first electronic digital
computer for common needs that are designed and manufactured under the
supervision of John Mauchly and John Presper Eckert at the University of
Pennsylvania. ENIAC weighed 30 tons, the volume of 15,000 square feet and
contains more than 18,000 vacuum tubes. That operations requires 140 kilowatts
of electrical power that is able to perform 5000 additions per second. ENIAC is
a decimal machine rather than a binary machine. That number represented in
decimal numbers and arithmetic were made in the decimal system. Memory consists
of 20 each akumulatornya accumulator which can accommodate 10-digit decimal
number. Each digit is represented by a ring consisting of a vacuum tube. At any
given moment only a vacuum tube are in a state of ON to represent one of the 10
digits. Disadvantages of this ENIAC is that this machine must be programmed
manually by setting switches switches and installing and stripped wires. ENIAC
was completed in 1946.
2. Von
Neumann Machines
As the name
suggests, this engine concept invented by mathematician Von Neumann, the
consultant on the ENIAC project. This idea also made almost simultaneously by
Turing. So they make a proposal by Von Neumann in 1945 for a new type of
computer that is EDVAC (Electronic Discrete Variable Computer). 1946 Von
Neumann and his colleague started to design a new stored-program computer,
known as IAS at the Institute of Advanced Studies Pricenton. Although it can
not be completed in 1952, is the prototype for the IAS computer computer
computer next general needs.
IAS computer
consists of:
1. Main
Memory
The main
memory function is to store data and instruction instruction.
2.
Arithmetic Logical Unit (ALU)
ALU function
to operate the binary data.
3. Control
Unit
Control Unit
serves to make the interpretation of the instruction - instruction in memory
and cause the instruction is executed.
4. Input and
Output are operated by a control unit.
0 comments:
Post a Comment